3D MRI Shown to Be Promising Tool for Visualizing Fetal Anatomy

Three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an emerging and useful modality for displaying fetal anatomy and diagnosing disorders in the womb in a wide range of clinical applications, according to recent research.

"Through enhanced visualization, 3D MRI improves one's understanding and ability to display fetal anatomy. With a better understanding and display of anatomy, it enhances exam interpretation and communication,” said Jeffrey C. Hellinger, M.D., a pediatric imaging specialist at Stony Brook University Medical Center (SBUMC; Stony Brook, NY, USA), who detailed the uses and advantages of the technique in a review published in the July-August 2010 issue of the journal Applied Radiology, and is available online. "I joined Stony Brook to help advance pediatric imaging, beginning with select imaging protocols, and this is one of them,” said Dr. Hellinger.

3D sequences, which are available with fetal MRI at SBUMC, has clear advantages for the pregnant mother, Dr. Hellinger pointed out. Because the fetus is moving frequently during a typical 20-24 week exam, 2D MRI necessitates obtaining multiple images in multiple planes. "That translates to a fairly long exam, an average of 30 minutes to 45 minutes. For any patient an MRI can be discomforting, let alone someone who is pregnant.”

With a 3D MRI, a clinician can obtain volumetric, high-resolution images that can be manipulated to view in any plane desired, obviating the need for redundant 2D images, and potentially decreasing the overall exam time. "With the right image quality, that means less time in the magnet for the mom, improving workflow, and improving patient satisfaction,” Dr. Hellinger explained.

Ultrasound and the newer 3D ultrasound remains the "principle obstetrical imaging modality. It is readily performed in outpatient and inpatient settings at minimal inconvenience to the mother, yielding reliable information for immediate clinical counseling and management,” Dr. Hellinger wrote in his article. However, Dr. Hellinger writes that MRI "offers superior spatial resolution and structural detail, affording comprehensive anatomical displays from single acquisitions. MRI is often requested to provide more definitive anatomical understanding and diagnosis for abnormalities identified on the screening ultrasound, as well as to assess for concomitant abnormalities. The literature has also advocated its use for anatomical screening in the setting of congenital heart disease and predisposed families.”

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